A stone tied to a string of length L is whirled in a vertical circle with the other end of the string at the centre. At a certain instant of time, the stone is at its lowest position, and has a speed u. The magnitude of the change in its velocity as it reaches a position where the string is horizontal is –
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From energy conservation
v 2 = u 2 – 2gL … (1)
Now since the two velocity vectors shown in figure are mutually perpendicular, hence the magnitude of change of velocity will be given by
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| = 
Substituting value of v 2 from Eq. (1)
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| = 
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